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Presidium of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ((セルビア語:Predsedništvo SFRJ), Председништво СФРЈ; (クロアチア語:Predsjedništvo SFRJ); Slovene: ''Predsedstvo SFRJ''; (マケドニア語:Председателство на СФРЈ)) was collective head of state of the Yugoslav federation. It was established in 1971 according to constitutional amendments and reorganized in 1974 by the new constitution. Up to 1974, the Presidency had 23 members - three from each republic, two from each autonomous province and president Josip Broz Tito.〔(Slobodan Stankovic (1984): Yugoslavia's New State Presidency )〕 In 1974 the Presidency was reduced to 9 members - one representative of each Yugoslav republic and autonomous province and, until 1988, chairman of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia ''ex officio''. ==Constitutional powers== According to the 1974 Constitution, the Presidency had following powers:〔(Constitution of the SFRY, 1974 (in Serbian) )〕 * representing the federation both inside and outside the country * commanding the Yugoslav armed forces, deciding on using the army both in war and in peace * protecting equality of Yugoslav nationalities * protecting the constitutional order * proposing a candidate for the federal prime minister * proposing candidates for federal constitutional judges * appointing the ambassadors and generals and admirals * appointing the National Defense Council and, if needed, also other agencies (one of such was Federal Council for Protection of the Constitutional Order) * giving quarters and awarding state decorations The Presidency had eight members elected by parliaments of each republic and autonomous province and proclaimed by the Federal Assembly of the SFRY, the ninth member was president of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. This ex officio membership of the LCY leader was abolished by the constitutional changes in autumn 1988.〔(Amendments to the Constitution of the SFRY, 1988 (in Serbian) )〕 The mandate of the Presidency lasted five years so the nine-member Presidency was elected in total four times - in 1974, 1979, 1984 and 1989. Until 1980 most of powers of the Presidency (and control over the country in general) were in fact exercised by Josip Broz Tito, who was president of the republic for life. After his death in May 1980, his office stayed vacant and the Presidency began to function according to the constitution. Sometimes, the Presidency held its sessions in an extended composition. Besides the members of the actual Presidency, in such sessions took part following officials: chairman of the Federal Assembly, chairman and vice-chairman of the Federal Executive Council (the government), federal secretaries (ministers) of defense, interior and foreign affairs, chairman of the Federal Conference of the Socialist Alliance of Working People of Yugoslavia and chairmen of the Presidencies of the Yugoslav republics and autonomous provinces.〔(Interview with Raif Dizdarević (in Serbo-Croatian) )〕 The extended Presidency wasn't grounded in the Constitution and couldn't itself adopt any decisions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Presidium of Yugoslavia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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